1255-1340
Rabbeinu Bechaye (1255-1340) lived in Spain and was a talmid of the Rashba. He worked as a darshan (“preacher”). His commentary is a mixture of peshat, midrash, logic/philosophy, and kabbala. He also wrote a mussar sefer called Kad Hakemach.
HebrewBooks:
Bereishit
Bereishit 1:4
The second day is not described as "good" because it was the first day of machloket, the source of all future machloket
Bereishit
Bereishit 3:5
Before the sin, Adam knew the difference between true/false, and now he knows good/bad (i.e., pretty/ugly), and is now therefore chasing after ta'avot (which look "good"), and was punished mida keneged mida (animal act, eats like an animal now)
Bereishit
Bereishit 4:3
Kayin and Hevel brought their offering on the 50th day of the world, and from their actions we affirm our belief in nevua, reward and punishment, and hashgacha in general, which is why we bring a mincha on Atzeret (Shavuot), which is also the 50th day, even one with chametz (generally a sign of the yetzer hara)
Bereishit
Bereishit 6:6
Hashem is described as getting sad in His "heart" as a mashal, so that we humans can fathom the concept of Him getting happy when we do mitzvot, or sad when we don't
Noach
Noach 6:14
If Noach is a tzaddik, why does he not pray to save the rest of his generation, the way Avraham prayed for Sodom? Avraham stopped at ten people, as ten would be needed to save Sodom, and Noach knew only 8 people would be going on the teiva.
Noach
Noach 6:16
There are many different animals and species, and some are huge, and they would not fit in the teiva (or even 50 teivas), so it must be a miracle. If so, why then bother building something so big, with compartments? It is the Torah's way to have us do something, via nature, and Hashem will take care of the rest, such as going to battle, even if Hashem will fight the war for us. (Also, it gives people a reminder to do teshuva.)
Noach
Noach 7:11
Hashem is mentioned only as doing the saving/reward in the story, and all the punishments as just happening, as deracheha darchei noam, He wants only the best for us and not to be associated with the bad
Lech Lecha
Lech Lecha 12:10
Everything that happened to Avraham in Mitzrayim would later happen to Am Yisrael in Mitzrayim: famine led him there, his wife got taken (their daughters were taken and sons killed), Pharaoh was afflicted, Pharaoh called him, Pharaoh sent people with him, Avraham had lots of gold and silver, and Avraham went on his way.
Lech Lecha
Lech Lecha 12:19
Avraham doesn't answer Pharaoh, but later he does answer Avimelech, because Pharaoh commanded him already to go, and it would be disrespectful to stop and answer him
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